The Pile

non-monetary data on Bitcoin, measured from a full node

tip — · data — FEED INTERRUPTED — showing the last data received
EVERY NON-MONETARY BYTE A NODE MUST STORE
—
THE PILE OVER TIME · CUMULATIVE SINCE THE FIRST INSCRIPTION
AS IT HAPPENS · THE LATEST BLOCKS FROM THIS NODE
WHAT THE PILE IS MADE OF
WHAT IS COUNTED, AND WHAT IS NOT
one rule decides every number on this page: would these bytes exist if nobody were storing data on Bitcoin? if that is arguable, they are left out

Inscriptions

Files tucked inside transactions. The transaction that writes one exists only to do that, so all of it counts — about half is the file, half is the wrapper around it.

Counted
The whole transaction that writes an inscription
When an inscription is moved: the inscribed UTXO going in, and the one it becomes
Not counted
The transaction before it. Every inscription needs a setup transaction first. It looks like a normal payment, so nothing identifies it. This is the biggest thing we miss
The rest of a move. Fees and change. A transaction moving an inscription might be doing ordinary business too, and there is no way to tell
OP_RETURN inside it. Counted under OP_RETURN instead, so it is never counted twice

OP_RETURN

Bitcoin's built-in slot for attaching data to a transaction. An OP_RETURN output can never be spent — anything sent to one would be burned, so in practice nothing is. None of it is money.

Counted
Every OP_RETURN output on the chain, at the size a node stores it
Not counted
The rest of the transaction. It is usually moving money too
The one in every coinbase. That is protocol bookkeeping, not data someone added

Chainstate

Every inscription sits on a UTXO worth a few hundred satoshis. That is less than the fee to spend it, so it never moves — and every node keeps it in the UTXO set, forever.

Counted
Inscription UTXOs of 1,000 satoshis or less
Not counted
Change sent back to whoever made the inscription. That is normal money
UTXOs that merely descend from one. Being downstream of an inscription does not make a UTXO an inscription

Change is counted under Inscriptions but not here. That is on purpose: the inscription caused those bytes to be written, so they count there — but the UTXO itself is money and will be spent, so it is not a permanent burden on every node.

Nothing is counted twice. An inscription transaction is counted once. OP_RETURN is counted only outside those transactions. Chainstate is a separate database — a node really does store the same output once in its block history and once in the UTXO set, so counting both is counting what the node holds.

Every figure is a floor. Setup transactions are missed, moves and chainstate are counted at their minimum, and data hidden in fake public keys is not detected yet. Every block is read from a full node — no sampling, no third-party data. The long version is in the repository: METHODOLOGY.md · source and tests at github.com/bretstu/thepile.